Ako kanya ibiyobyabwenge byipimisha igikombe intambwe ku ntambwe

Amabwiriza adasobanutse, ibisubizo bidahuye, hamwe n’ibibazo by’ibanga birashobora guhindura ibizamini by’ibiyobyabwenge by’inkari ako kanya mu mirimo itoroshye - cyane cyane iyo politiki y’akazi hamwe n’ingaruka zemewe n'amategeko. Amakipe menshi aracyafite ikibazo cyo gufata neza igikombe, igihe, hamwe no gusobanura ibisubizo, biganisha ku makimbirane no kwirinda gusubira inyuma.

Iyi ntambwe - by - intambwe ikuyobora ikunyuze mu myiteguro, gukusanya, kugerageza, no gusobanura muburyo busobanutse, bufatika, uhuza nibyiza - inzira zimenyereza zisa nizo muri SAMHSAKwipimisha ku kaziibikoresho. Iragufasha gukoresha ibizamini by'inkari ako kanya wizeye cyane, kugabanya amakosa, hamwe nibisubizo byanditse neza.

Gusobanukirwa ibikombe byo gupima imiti yinkari

Ibikombe bipimisha inkari ako kanya bihuza icyegeranyo hamwe nisesengura mubintu bimwe bifunze. Igishushanyo gifasha kugabanya amakosa yo gukemura, kunoza isuku, no gutanga ibisubizo byihuse kumurimo, ku mavuriro, no murugo.

Icy'ingenzi ni ugusobanukirwa uburyo buri kizamini gikora, bityo urashobora gusoma ibisubizo neza ukamenya igihe cyo kubyemeza ukoresheje ikizamini cya laboratoire.

1. Ibyingenzi byingenzi hamwe nuburyo bwo kugerageza

Ibikombe byinshi birimo urugereko rwicyitegererezo, rwubatswe - mubice byikizamini, ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, na tamper - umupfundikizo ugaragara. Ikibaho gishobora kuva kumiti 3 kugeza kuri 16. Imiterere isanzwe:

• Windows kugiti cye cyanditse kuri buri kiyobyabwenge (urugero: AMP, COC, THC)
• Igenzura ry'umurongo (C) kugenzura umurongo ukora
• Umurongo wikizamini (T) werekana ibibi cyangwa bitari - bibi
• Ibipimo by'inkari byibuze bisabwa

Ikosa risanzwe ni ukwirengagiza ubushyuhe; irashobora kwerekana ibishushanyo hanze yubushyuhe busanzwe bwumubiri.

2. Ibiyobyabwenge bisanzwe byagaragaye kandi bigabanya urwego

Panel ikunze kwerekana amphetamine, kokayine, opiates, methamphetamine, THC, benzodiazepine, barbiturates, nibindi byinshi. Kugenzura ibisanzwe (µg / L cyangwa ng / mL) birimo 50 ng / mL kuri THC na 300 ng / mL kuri kokayine, nubwo indangagaciro zitandukanye ukurikije ikirango n'akarere.

Kuri njye, ni ngombwa gusoma paki yinjizamo witonze kuko niyo ihinduka rito rishobora guhinduka niba icyitegererezo cyerekana nabi cyangwa kitari - kibi.

3. Imipaka ntarengwa nigihe ibisubizo bishobora kuba bitizewe

Igikombe ako kanya nibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge. Bashobora kutizera neza iyo:

• Inkari ziroroshye cyane (zisobanutse, creinine nkeya)
• Igikombe cyararangiye cyangwa kibitswe hanze yubushyuhe busabwa
• Umuterankunga afata umusaraba - imiti idakira cyangwa inyongera

Amahitamo meza ni ukohereza ibisubizo byose bitari - bibi cyangwa biteye amakenga muri laboratoire yemewe yo kwipimisha ukoresheje GC - MS cyangwa LC - MS / MS.

Gutegura kwipimisha imiti yinkari

Imyiteguro myiza ishyigikira ibisubizo byiza, byizewe. Intambwe yoroshye nkigihe gikwiye, hydrated ihagije, hamwe nicyegeranyo gisukuye irashobora kugabanya cyane ibizamini bitemewe cyangwa bivuguruzanya.

Mubimenyerezo, amabwiriza asobanutse kubaterankunga hamwe nabaterankunga bifasha kuruta kuzamura igikoresho kimwe.

1. Ibihe bikwiye hamwe no gutekereza neza

Tegura icyegeranyo mugihe umuterankunga ashobora gutanga byibuze 30-45 mL yinkari. Gufata amazi mu rugero ni byiza, ariko amazi arenze arashobora kugabanya urugero.

Porogaramu nyinshi zirinda - inkari za mbere zo kwisuzumisha ku kazi kuko zirashobora kuba nyinshi kuruta ibyitegererezo bya buri munsi.

2. Gukusanya icyitegererezo cyemewe kandi kitanduye

Tegeka abaterankunga gukaraba intoki kandi wirinde kongera ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu gikombe. Uwatoraguye agomba kugenzura kashe yikombe, itariki izarangiriraho, hamwe nubushyuhe nyuma yo gukusanya.

Kugabanya amakimbirane, andika icyitegererezo cyose kidasanzwe (ifuro, ibara, impumuro) kurupapuro.

3. Gukemura ibibazo byihariye no kugenzura

Amategeko yerekeye ubuzima bwite aratandukanye bitewe nigihugu ninganda. Ibyegeranyo bimwe byubahirizwa; abandi bakoresha kimwe - gukurikirana uburinganire cyangwa kugenzura igice (gutegera hanze ahagarara). Andika uburyo ukoresha n'impamvu.

🔍 Intambwe ku ntambwe yo kugerageza igikombe

Icyitegererezo kimaze gukusanywa, kurikiza inzira isobanutse, yanditse. Ibi bishyigikira ibisubizo bihamye kubakoresha bitandukanye hamwe nibizamini.

1. Kuranga no kurinda ibikoresho byo gukusanya

Mbere yo gukusanya, andika indangamuntu y'abaterankunga, itariki, nigihe kuri label. Emeza abaterankunga birambuye, hanyuma ushyireho tamper - kashe igaragara nyuma yicyitegererezo gitanzwe.

2. Kwibiza ibice byikizamini no gufunga umupfundikizo

Kubyubatswe - mubikombe, inkari zihuza imirongo mu buryo bwikora. Kuri cassettes zitandukanye, shira umurongo kugeza kumurongo wagenwe, hanyuma ubishyire hejuru kandi utangire igihe.

• Irinde gukora ku bipapuro byerekana.
• Komeza igikombe neza kugirango wirinde kuvanga panele.
• Funga umupfundikizo wuzuye kugirango wirinde kumeneka no kwanduza.

3. Gutegereza igihe gikwiye mbere yo gusoma

Ibicuruzwa byinshi byerekana idirishya ryasomwe (urugero, iminota 5) nigihe ntarengwa (urugero, iminota 10). Ibisubizo nyuma yigihe ntarengwa ntabwo byemewe kandi ntibigomba gukoreshwa.

Gusoma no gusobanura ibisubizo by'igikombe

Igikombe cyikizamini koresha umurongo woroshye - ushingiye ku immunoassays, ariko imirongo yo gusoma nabi iracyari rusange. Genda gahoro, koresha itara ryiza, hanyuma ukurikire ibicuruzwa byinjijwe neza.

1. Gusobanukirwa kugenzura no gusobanura umurongo

Kuri buri murongo, kugenzura umurongo (C) bigomba kugaragara. Umurongo C ugaragara bisobanura umurongo ukora neza. Igisubizo kibi mubisanzwe cyerekana imirongo ya C na T, nubwo umurongo wa T wacitse intege.

2. Gukemura imirongo yoroheje nibisubizo bitemewe

Umurongo T ucogora uracyabarwa nkibibi, mugihe C umurongo ugaragara. Niba umurongo C wabuze, umurongo utemewe kandi bisaba ikizamini gishya kandi, akenshi, icyitegererezo gishya.

3. Gufata amajwi, kubika, no gutanga raporo y'ibizamini

Andika ibisubizo byibisubizo, igihe cyasomwe, intangiriro yintangiriro, nibitekerezo byose. Amashyirahamwe amwe afata amafoto yibisubizo mugihe cyo gusoma kandi akabika ibikombe ahantu hizewe kugeza bijugunywe cyangwa byoherejwe.

Ibitekerezo byemewe, aho ukorera, hamwe no gutekereza ku buzima bwite

Amategeko yo gupima ibiyobyabwenge aratandukanye hagati yakarere ninganda. Porogaramu zigomba guhuza n'amategeko yumurimo waho, ibikenewe byumutekano, hamwe nibiteganijwe kwiherera.

1. Kwemera, kumenyesha, namategeko y'ibanga

Tanga politiki yanditse neza kubyerekeye igihe ibizamini bibaye, uko ibisubizo bikoreshwa, nuburyo amakuru abikwa. Komeza ibisubizo bigarukira kubakozi babiherewe uburenganzira kandi urinde inyandiko nabi.

2. Gukemura amakimbirane no gusaba gusubiramo

Emerera abaterankunga guhangana n'ibisubizo no gusaba ibizamini byemeza. Komeza urunigi - rw - ibyangombwa byo kurera, harimo ninde watanze icyitegererezo nigihe, kugirango ushyigikire neza.

3. Kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibanze na leta

Kurikiza ibipimo bifatika, nk'amategeko agenga umutekano ku kazi cyangwa amabwiriza yo gutwara abantu. Abaguzi benshi bareba kandi niba igikoresho gifite kwiyandikisha cyangwa kwemerwa ku isoko ryabo.

Pos Ibyiza, imiti, hamwe na reaction ya cross

Immunoassay imirongo irashobora kwitwara hamwe nibintu bifitanye isano. Niyo mpamvu ibisubizo byo gusuzuma ari ibanzirizasuzuma kandi bikeneye kwemezwa mugihe hari ingaruka zingenzi.

1. Ibintu bisanzwe bishobora kugira ingaruka kubisubizo

Imiti imwe ikonje, imiti igabanya ubukana, imiti igabanya ubukana, ndetse n’inyongera ose yuzuye irashobora kwambuka. Buri gihe saba abaterankunga gutondekanya imiti kandi hejuru - - kurwanya imiti mbere yo kwipimisha.

2. Kwipimisha laboratoire hanyuma ukurikirane intambwe

Ibitari - bibi bigomba kujya muri laboratoire yemewe kugirango yemeze. GC - MS cyangwa LC - MS / MS irashobora kumenya molekile nyayo kandi ikirinda kwambuka kwinshi - ibisubizo bivuye mubikombe byoroshye byo gusuzuma.

3. Kwandika inyandiko zandikirwa hamwe nubuvuzi

Bika inyandiko yizewe yimiti yatangajwe nubuvuzi bushobora gusobanura ibisubizo. Iyi nyandiko ifasha abashinzwe gusuzuma ubuvuzi gusobanura neza laboratoire.

Handing Uburyo bwiza bwo gufata neza, kubika, no kujugunya

Igikombe cyo kwipimisha ako kanya nibikoresho byubuvuzi kandi bikenera kugenzura umutekano wibanze. Kubika neza no kujugunya birinda abakozi, abaterankunga, nibidukikije.

1. Kubika ibikombe byikizamini mubihe bisabwa

Ibikombe byinshi bigomba kubikwa hagati ya 2-30 ° C ahantu humye, kure yizuba ryizuba hamwe numwotsi. Ntukabikonje cyangwa ngo ubireke mumodoka zishyushye.

2. Ingamba zo kurinda umuntu kugiti cye

Koresha uturindantoki twajugunywe kandi ukarabe intoki nyuma yo gukora ingero. Kora ahantu hasukuye, humye, kandi ugumane ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa kure yikizamini.

3. Kujugunya imyanda ya biohazard neza

Ibikombe byakoreshejwe, gants, nibikoresho byinjira bigomba kujya mumyanda yubuvuzi cyangwa ibikoresho bya biohazard ukurikije amabwiriza yaho. Ikibazo nyacyo nukubuza guhura ninkari mugihe cyo gutwara cyangwa gutunganya imyanda.

Kubaguzi bagereranya ibikoresho, bashakisha abiyeguriyeibiyobyabwenge byo gupima nabikataloge cyangwa umwiharikoubushinwa ibiyobyabwenge byo gupima nabiurupapuro rwabatanga rushobora gusobanura ibice byashizweho bihuye na gahunda zitandukanye.

Umwanzuro

Ibikombe byipimisha inkari byihuse birashobora gushigikira byihuse, byubatswe mugihe ukurikije intambwe zisobanutse. Wibande ku gukusanya neza, igihe, no gusoma, hanyuma wohereze ibisubizo byose bitari - bibi cyangwa bidasobanutse kubyemeza laboratoire.

Muguhuza uburyo bwanditse n'amahugurwa asanzwe y'abakozi, amashyirahamwe arashobora gukoresha ibikombe ako kanya nkigice gifatika cya politiki yagutse yo gupima ibiyobyabwenge.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kubijyanye ninkari zo gupima inkari zipima intambwe ku ntambwe

1.Nategereza igihe kingana iki mbere yo gusoma igikombe cyo gupima inkari ako kanya?

Ibikombe byinshi birasaba gusoma ibisubizo kuminota 5 kandi ntugire icyo usobanura nyuma yiminota 10. Buri gihe ukurikize igihe cyacapwe mubicuruzwa byihariye winjizamo.

2. Bisobanura iki niba umurongo ugenzura utagaragara?

Niba umurongo wo kugenzura (C) wabuze, uwo murongo ntutemewe. Hagarika ibisubizo, koresha igikombe gishya, kandi mubisanzwe ukusanya icyitegererezo cyinkari mbere yo gusubiramo ikizamini.

3. Imirongo yikizamini idakomeye ifatwa nkibyiza cyangwa bibi?

Umurongo wikizamini cyoroshye (T) mubisanzwe ufatwa nkibibi, mugihe umurongo ugenzura usobanutse. Mugihe ushidikanya, andika ibisubizo hanyuma wohereze icyitegererezo cyo gupima laboratoire.

4. Imiti irashobora gutera icyiza kubikombe byinkari ako kanya?

Nibyo, bimwe byandikirwa kandi hejuru - - imiti igabanya imiti irashobora kwambuka - reaction hamwe no gusuzuma. Buri gihe usubiremo urutonde rwimiti hanyuma wemeze ibisubizo bitari - bibi byo gusuzuma hamwe na laboratoire yemewe.